Serangga penghisap darah seprti nyamuk ternyata punya perilaku aneh saat menghisap darah. Seperti yang diketahui sebelumnya oleh para ahli, mereka kencing terlebih dahulu. Dan, di luar dugaan, mereka juga mengeluarkan cairan pre-urin berupa darah!
Perilaku tersebut membuat para ilmuwan bingung. Claudio R Lazzari, entomolog dari François Rabelais University in Tours, Perancis, seperti dikutip New York Times, mengatakan, "Darah adalah sesuatu yang sangat berharga. Melepaskannya berisiko tinggi."
Penelitian terbaru yang dilakukan Lazzari dan dipublikasikan di jurnal Current Biology mengungkap bahwa pengeluaran cairan pre-urin bertujuan untuk menurunkan suhu tubuh saat makan, yang bisa mencapai 40 derajat Celsius.
Untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan itu, Lazzari meneliti nyamuk jenis Anopheles stephensi. Saat makan, cairan urin dan pre-urin nyamuk itu dikeluarkan lewat anus. Kadang, cairan menggantung seperti embun yang akan menetes sebelum jatuh.
Menurut Lazzari, saat urin dan pre-urin dikeluarkan, cairan menguap dan mendinginkan suhu tubuh hingga mencapai 3 derajat Celsius. Mekanisme ini adalah salah satu kehebatan serangga dalam mengontrol suhu tubuh.
Nyamuk bukan satu-satunya serangga yang menggunakan makanannya sendiri untuk mengatur suhu tubuh. Lebah misalnya, membuang sedikit nektar yang dimakannya untuk menjaga kepala tetap dingin saat terbang.
Sumber : kompas.com
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